Amateur radio operator should always use common courtesy as a guide, as no one amateur or amateur group has priority access to frequencies. Do remember, however, that we are secondary to the government on several bands and should ALWAYS make sure we do not cause harmful interference with our signals.

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Tags: rules and regulations frequencies band plan arrl chapter 2 arrl module 4

"Help! It's an emergency".

A call for help, or a station in distress should always be immediately acknowledged, and you should determine what assistance may be needed.

Don't just move away to another frequency or ignore the signal. You may be the only one in a position to help!

NOTE: It could be argued that the FIRST thing to do is actually cease all transmissions so that you can actually hear the message that the station in distress is transmitting. If the first thing you do is start transmitting yourself, then you may very well be talking over their signal.

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Tags: emergency communication operating procedures arrl chapter 2 arrl module 5

Remember our golden rule: Be courteous and don't cause harmful interference. If the propagation of your signal changes during your contact or you notice increasing interference, it is a good indication that another station is operating on a nearby frequency and that your signal may be causing THEM interference as well. Use the initiative as a common courtesy, and move your contact to another frequency.

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Tags: operating procedures frequencies arrl chapter 2 arrl module 4

Morse code (CW) operation takes very little bandwidth, and most CW operators use filters to keep their signals tight as well, so moving your frequency by as little as 150 to 500 Hz should be a sufficient minimum frequency separation to avoid interference.

Hint: Any answer with kHz is too large - not that much separation is required.

The only two remaining answers are in the Hz range, and 5-50 is certainly too small (since CW bandwidth is at LEAST 100 Hz), so the only obvious answer is 150-500 Hz.

Silly hint: The Roman numeral "C" means 100, so choose the answer for 150 - 500 Hz.

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Tags: morse code bandwidth operating procedures arrl chapter 2 arrl module 4

The general rule is that you want to allow at least the amount of bandwidth occupied by the signal type between signals to avoid interference. A single sideband (SSB) transmission generally takes up less than 3 kHz of bandwidth. Therefore, the customary minimum frequency separation between SSB signals is approximately 3 kHz.

Remember from the technician question pool that 2400 Hz is an appropriate receive filter bandwidth to select in order to minimize noise and interference for SSB reception. 3000 Hz is the closest to this.

Easy Cheat* SSB rhymes with 123

"SSB" has "2" S's "3" letters total

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Tags: ssb bandwidth operating procedures arrl chapter 2 arrl module 4

Always listen for a short while first --2 minutes followed by CQ is not required so that answer is wrong. Then, on CW send "QRL?" followed by your call sign, or using voice, ask if the frequency is in use, followed by your call sign. Always wait to give any other station a chance to respond before continuing with your transmission.

QRL means "Are you busy?" or "I am busy".

"RL" Really Listening"

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Tags: morse code phone operating procedures best practices arrl chapter 2 arrl module 4

Before choosing a frequency for your transmission, it is always a good idea to check the Voluntary Band Plan for the operating mode you intend to use, so you know that you are using the right segment of the frequency band. For example, within the CW/data section of a band, there are plans for which band segment to use specifically for RTTY or for packet, as well as CW.

"Check to see if the channel is assigned to another station" is false because amateur operators are not assigned any specific frequency and no one has a frequency monopoly.

"Identify your station by transmitting your call sign at least 3 times" is false because transmitting your call sign multiple times is unnecessary, all answers on the test that call for doing so are false.

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Tags: band plan frequencies best practices arrl chapter 2 arrl module 4

Back in the early days of the telephone when human operators manually connected calls via a switchboard, the "distant exchanges" were labeled DX.

So DX is about distant contacts, not digital contacts, which eliminates two of the distractors.

The band plans are voluntary, which eliminates the distractors that say "an FCC rule".

A portion of the band is set aside for DXers. Alaska and Hawaii count as distant contacts if you're not in the same state, which is why the correct answer specifies the 48 contiguous states.

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Tags: band plan international arrl chapter 2 arrl module 4

The Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service (RACES) is an organization which uses the radio service for emergency communications. It is a requirement that an amateur station in RACES must hold an FCC issued amateur operator license to transmit for assisting in relief operations during a disaster.

Note: RACES is authorized in Part 97.407, while Amateur Radio Emergency Service® (ARES) is organized by the ARRL.

For more info see Wikipedia: Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service

Refer to FCC Part: [97.407(a)]

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(D). The FCC has restricted operations of RACES stations to frequency ranges listed in section FCC Part 97.407(b). These frequency restrictions may only be put in place when the Presidents War Emergency Powers have been invoked.

Refer to FCC Part: [97.407(b)]

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(A). In the case of an emergency where there is a threat to human life or property amateur radio operators are allowed to use any frequency which has the best chance of communicating the distress message. You may use any band at any power output necessary to convey the communication and get help.

Refer to FCC Part: [97.405]

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Tags: emergency communication frequencies arrl chapter 2 arrl module 5

At any time during an actual emergency, where there is a real threat to personal safety, human life or property, an amateur station is allowed to use any means available to assist another station in distress.

Refer to FCC Part: [97.405(b)]

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