HINT: voltage regulate = maintain voltage
In electronics, voltage regulators maintain a constant output voltage.
So, whether the question mentions Linear or Switching voltage regulators, choose the answer that mentions maintaining a constant output voltage.
The resistance of the regulator varies in accordance with the load resulting in a constant output voltage.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_regulator
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A Zener diode is typically used as a stable reference voltage in a linear voltage regulator. When reverse biased, the diode breaks down and allows current to flow in the reverse direction when the voltage is above the avalanche point. The Zener voltage is the voltage necessary to cause the avalanche to occur and allow current to flow. As long as the reverse bias voltage remains above the avalanche point, the voltage drop across the Zener diode remains constant to provide a stable reference for regulating power supply output voltage.
Hint: this is a stretch but it worked for me...
stables are for horses
Zorro had a horse
Z is for Zener
A Zener Diode is the simplest type of voltage regulator.
Hint 2: a ZEE-ner is LEEnyer (linear). Weird, but helps me remember.
Remember seeing Varactor somewhere as an answer? Both hint 1 and 2 work as 'stable' and 'linear' are not a part of a different, similar question:
What type of semiconductor device is designed for use as a voltage-controlled capacitor? Varactor diode
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An example of a shunt regulator is using a Zener diode in series with a resistor between supply and ground. The Zener diode establishes a constant voltage drop and the resistor sets a constant current.
Note: You can immediately dismiss two of the possible answers. "Regulator" appears in both the question and the answer.
HINT: While performing a carotid endarterectomy, (removing the blockage from the carotid artery), the surgeon must SHUNT the blood around the blockage to have CONSTANT blood flow to the brain.
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If you see closely, C2 is connected in parallel to D1. This will basically act as a filter across D1 and prevent oscillations across D1 and hence prevent the hum.
Remember the term bypass capacitor and that a bypass capacitor will pass above certain wavelengths of AC current while blocking DC current. Bypass capacitors are very common for eliminating undesirable AC current such as noise so it is useful to remember this term.
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Component D1 is a zener diode and when reverse biased as shown and when the voltage equals or exceeds the zener diode specification the zener diode will maintain a constant voltage across it that is based on the zener diode model selected, assuming the source doesn't exceed the current limit of the zener (one purpose of R1). Thus, the zener diode creates a very effective reference voltage.
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Hint: If you give blood and you're a "Bleeder" you have "improved output"
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Hint: smaller transformer and components = lighter and more often less expensive.
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