Spurious is defined as "Not being what it purports to be; false or fake."

Spurious emissions are "false" emissions that accompany legitimate emissions. Usually they are caused by a poorly calibrated or faulty transmitter. On a spectrum analyzer they would show up as being spikes of RF energy sometimes adjacent to the real signal and sometimes at random intervals usually close by.

These emissions are "spurious" or "false" because they are not necessary to receive the information and they are outside the normal bandwidth needed for the signal.

Tip: The correct answer is the only one that contains the word "emission" from the question.

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Environmental or historical significance may limit land use in some cases and this includes where someone can install an antenna so the FCC regulates the physical location where the antenna can be built.

Don't let the word horticultural trip you up!

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§ 97.13 Restrictions on station location.

(b) A station within 1600 m (1 mile) of an FCC monitoring facility must protect that facility from harmful interference. Failure to do so could result in imposition of operating restrictions upon the amateur station by a District Director pursuant to § 97.121 of this part. Geographical coordinates of the facilities that require protection are listed in § 0.121(c) of this chapter.

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You only need to work with the FCC. Go to their website www.fcc.gov and search for "Environmental Assessment" and the forms will be listed.

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Title 47 CFR Part 97 § 97.3(a)(33)

(33) National Radio Quiet Zone. The area in Maryland, Virginia and West Virginia Bounded by 39°15′ N on the north, 78°30′ W on the east, 37°30′ N on the south and 80°30′ W on the west.

Reference:

https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-47/chapter-I/subchapter-D/part-97#p-97.3(a)(33)

From Wikipedia:

The National Radio Quiet Zone (NRQZ) is a large area of land in the United States designated as a radio quiet zone, in which radio transmissions are restricted by law to facilitate scientific research and the gathering of military intelligence. About half of the zone is located in the Blue Ridge Mountains of west-central Virginia while the other half is in the Allegheny Mountains of east-central West Virginia; a small part of the zone is in the southernmost tip of the Maryland panhandle.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_National_Radio_Quiet_Zone

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This is an overlapping jurisdiction question. The FAA regulates Airspace that might endanger aircraft so their regulations need to be consulted and it will then need to registered with the FCC as required by part 17.

Hint: The correct answer has "May" in it. The other 3 say "Must"

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Any modulation index greater than 1.0 will result in bandwidths that are wider than necessary for good amateur practices.

§ 97.307 Emission standards. (a) No amateur station transmission shall occupy more bandwidth than necessary for the information rate and emission type being transmitted, in accordance with good amateur practice. (b) Emissions resulting from modulation must be confined to the band or segment available to the control operator. Emissions outside the necessary bandwidth must not cause splatter or keyclick interference to operations on adjacent frequencies.

The modulation index is equal to the peak deviation divided by the modulation rate (frequency).

For example: A 28.4 MHz maximum audio frequency can't have more than 28.4 MHz of peak deviation in order to have a mode index of 1. (\(\frac{28.4}{28.4} = 1\))

For further reading: Wikipedia on modulation indexes

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The FCC may impose limited quiet periods on the amateur station on those frequencies involved. Conversely, the amateur station must be operating properly without violating any rules especially regarding spurious emissions.

Hint: Long question, long answer. Silly hint: Correct answer does not include the phrase "must cease".

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You must first register with the local civil defense organization and then at that point you can register your amateur radio station with RACES. Each operator must follow the operator privileges granted by the license.

§ 97.407 Radio amateur civil emergency service.

(a) No station may transmit in RACES unless it is an FCC-licensed primary, club, or military recreation station and it is certified by a civil defense organization as registered with that organization, or it is an FCC-licensed RACES station. No person may be the control operator of a RACES station, or may be the control operator of an amateur station transmitting in RACES unless that person holds a FCC issued amateur operator license and is certified by a civil defense organization as enrolled in that organization.

Hint: Civil defense

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The frequencies that may be used are determined by the control operator's license. Normally RACES stations will communicate with other RACES stations but other stations may be authorized by a responsible civil defense authority.

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§ 97.307 Emission standards.

For transmitters installed after January 1, 2003, the mean power of any spurious emission from a station transmitter or external RF power amplifier transmitting on a frequency below 30 MHz must be at least 43 dB below the mean power of the fundamental emission.

You could remember this as 43 dB in 2003 or 20+(2)0+3

*Memory - The lowest number in the list -- W1SBC

Background note: Those installed before 2003, or 1977 have different requirements.

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